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Man-in-the-Middle Attacks on a Power Grid

• Lang Tong
• Irwin and Joan Jacobs Professor in Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 149850
• Email: ltong@ece.cornell.edu

Abstract:
A defining feature of a smart grid is its ability to adapt to changing operating conditions and contingencies by leveraging advanced sensing, communications, and networking capabilities.  However, relying advanced cyber-infrastructure networking for grid monitoring and real time operations comes with increasing security risks of cyber-attacks by adversaries.  
In this talk, we consider a man-in-the-middle (MiM) attack on the power grid where an adversary alters certain analog and digital data with the goal of misleading the control center with an incorrect network topology and operating state. We present a necessary and sufficient condition under which MiM attacks are undetectable and new attack schemes that exploit flaws in control center bad data detection mechanisms.  We then develop a counter measure for MiM attacks by authenticating data from a subset of meters.  It is shown that, if a set of meters satisfying a certain branch covering property are protected, undetectable attacks do not exist.
 

Biography:
Lang Tong is the Irwin and Joan Jacobs  Professor in Engineering at Cornell University and the Cornell site director of the Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC). He received the B.E. degree from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, and PhD degree in EE from the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame. He was a Postdoctoral Research Affiliate at the Information Systems Laboratory, Stanford University.
Lang Tong's research interests lie in the general areas of statistical inference, decisions, communications, and complex networks. His current research focuses on energy and power systems and related data analytics. He received the 2004 Best Paper Award from the IEEE Signal Processing Society, the 2004 Leonard G. Abraham Prize Paper Award from the IEEE Communications Society, and the 1993 Outstanding Young Author Award from the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. He is also a coauthor of seven student paper awards. He is a Fellow of IEEE.


How Densely Should the Data Base Stations be Deployed in Hyper-Cellular Networks?
 

• Zhisheng Niu
• Tsinghua National Lab for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
• Email: niuzhs@tsinghua.edu.cn

Abstract:
One of the key approaches to make the mobile communication networks more GREEN (Globally Resource-optimized and Energy-Efficient Networks) is to have the cellular architecture and radio resource allocation more adaptive to the environment and traffic variations, including making some lightly-loaded base stations (BSs) go to sleep.  This is the concept of so-called TANGO (Traffic-Aware Network planning and Green Operation) and CHORUS (Collaborative and Harmonized Open Radio Ubiquitous Systems) published by the author earlier.  To realize this, a new cellular framework, named hyper-cellular networks (HCN), has been proposed, in which the coverage of control signals is decoupled from the coverage of data signals so that the data coverage can be more elastic in accordance with the dynamics of traffic characteristics and QoS requirements.  Specifically, the data base stations (DBSs) in HCN can be densely deployed during peak traffic time in order to satisfy the capacity requirement, while a portion of DBSs can be switched off or go to sleep mode if the traffic load is lower than a threshold in order to save energy.  A fundamental question then arises: how densely should the DBSs be deployed in order to balance the QoS requirements and the energy consumption in hyper cellular networks?
 
In this talk, we characterize the optimal DBS density for both homogeneous and heterogeneous hyper cellular networks to minimize network cost with stochastic geometry theory. For homogeneous cases, both upper and lower bounds of the optimal DBS density are derived.  For heterogeneous cases, our analysis reveals the best type of DBSs to be deployed for capacity extension or to be switched off for energy saving.  Specifically, if the ratio between the micro DBS cost and the macro DBS cost is lower than a threshold, which is a function of path loss and their transmit power, then the optimal strategy is to deploy micro DBSs for capacity extension or to switch off macro DBSs (if possible) for energy saving with higher priority. Otherwise, the optimal strategy is the opposite. Based on the parameters from EARTH, numerical results show that in the dense urban scenario, compared to the traditional macro-only homogeneous cellular network with no DBS sleeping, deploying micro DBSs can reduce about 40% of the total energy cost, and further reduce about 20% with DBS sleeping capability.


Biography:
Zhisheng Niu graduated from Northern Jiaotong University (currently Beijing Jiaotong University), Beijing, China, in 1985, and got his M.E. and D.E. degrees from Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan, in 1989 and 1992, respectively.  After spending two years at Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan, he joined with Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 1994, where he is now a professor at the Department of Electronic Engineering and the deputy dean of the School of Information Science and Technology.  His major research interests include queueing theory, traffic engineering, mobile Internet, radio resource management of wireless networks, and green communication and networks.  
Dr. Niu has been an active volunteer for various academic societies, including council member of Chinese Institute of Electronics (2006-10), vice chair of the Information and Communication Network Committee of Chinese Institute of Communications (2008-12), Councilor of IEICE-Japan (2009-11), and membership development coordinator of IEEE Region 10 (2009-10).  In particular, in IEEE Communication Society, he has been serving as an editor of IEEE Wireless Communication Magazine (2009-), director of Asia-Pacific Region (2008-09), director for Conference Publications (2010-11), chair of Beijing Chapter (2001-08), and members of Award Committee (2011-13), Emerging Technologies Committee (2010-12), On-line Content Committee (2010-12), and Strategy Planning Committee.  He has also been serving as general co-chairs of APCC’09/WiCOM’09, TPC co-chairs of APCC’04/ICC’08/WOCC’10/ICCC’12/WOCC’13/ITC’13, panel co-chair of WCNC’10, tutorial co-chairs of VTC’10-fall/Globecom’12, and publicity co-chairs of PIMRC’10/WCNC’02. 
Prof. Niu is a co-recipient of the Best Paper Awards from the 13th and 15th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communication (APCC) in 2007 and 2009, respectively, and received Outstanding Young Researcher Award from Natural Science Foundation of China in 2009.  He is now the Chief Scientist of the National Fundamental Research Program (so called “973 Project”) of China "Fundamental Research on the Energy and Resource Optimized Hyper-Cellular Mobile Communication System" (2012-2016), which is the first national project green communications in China.  He is the fellow of IEEE and IEICE, and a distinguished lecturer of IEEE Communication Society (2012-13).
 

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CIT01: Information Theory
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 10:50 - 12:30 | Room: B)
 
Slice Error Detection and Correction Decoder for H.264/AVC Video Sequences (Invited Paper)

• Kai Yen (Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
• Sumei Sun (Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)

 
SPC01: Performance Analysis and Evaluation
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 10:50 - 12:30 | Room: C)
 
Blind Interference Alignment with Diversity in Two-User Interference Channel (Invited Paper)

• Yi Lu (The University of New South Wales, Australia)
• Wei Zhang (The University of New South Wales, Australia)
• Khaled B. Letaief (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong)

 
WCS01: MIMO Networks
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 10:50 - 12:30 | Room: E)
 
Electromagnetic Lens-focusing Antenna Enabled Massive MIMO (Invited Paper)

• Yong Zeng (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
• Rui Zhang (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
• Zhi Ning Chen (National University of Singapore & Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)

 
 
FMI01: Data Access and Mobile Computing
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: B)
 
Asymptotic  Analysis  on  Secrecy Capacity in Large-Scale Wireless Networks (Invited Talk)

• Xinbing Wang (Shanghai Jiaotong University, P.R. China)

 
Statistic Analysis of Data Access Behavior in the Mobile Internet (Invited Paper)

• Lihua Wu (Wuhan University, P.R. China)
• Xin Qian (Microsoft Corporation, USA)
• Yuan Li (Wuhan University, P.R. China)
• Chen Zhou (Wuhan University, P.R. China)
• Jiang Hao (Wuhan University, P.R. China)

 
OCS01: Optical Wireless Network
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: D)
 
Modulation and detection techniques for long haul and short reach optical transmission systems (Invited Talk)

• Lu Chao (Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

 
 
A  Novel  Analytical  Framework  for  Modeling  Nonlinear  Distortions  in  OFDM-based Optical Wireless Communication (Invited Paper)

• Dobroslav A. Tsonev (University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom)
• Sinan Sinanović (University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom)
• Harald Haas (The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom)

 
QRS01: Privacy-preserving and Network Performance
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: C)
 
Fine-grained Privacy-preserving Reputation System for Online Social Networks (Invited Paper)

• Linke Guo (University of Florida, USA)
• Yuguang Fang (University of Florida, USA)
• Lingbo Wei (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China)

 
 
 
FMI02: Heterogeneous wireless Networks
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: B)
 
Mobile Service Access Network (MSAN) over future Information-centric Architecture (Invited Talk)

• Guoqiang Wang (Huawei Tech, P.R. China)

 
Mobile Behaviometrics: Models and Applications (Invited Paper)

• Jiang Zhu (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)
• Hao Hu (Cisco Systems, USA)
• Sky Hu (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)
• Pang Wu (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)
• Joy Zhang (Carnegie mellon University, USA)

 
OCS02: Optical Network
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: D)
 
 
Microwave photonic technologies for broadband satellite communications (Invited Talk)

• Pan Shi Long (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, P.R. China)

 
Single Frequency Tunable Fiber Lasers for Optical Communications (Invited Paper)

• Shien-Kuei Peter Liaw (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
• Hsiang Wang (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
• Hai-Yin Hsu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
• Nan-Kuang Chen (National United University, Taiwan)
• Chow-Shing Shin (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)

 
 
QRS02: Models and Algorithms
 
(Tuesday, 13 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: C)
 
Optimal Latency Balancing Algorithm for Multiple Portal in Wireless Mesh Networks (Invited Paper)

• Azman Osman Lim (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST) & School of Information Science, Japan)
• Zuan Chen (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), Japan)
• Yasuo Tan (JAIST, Japan)

 
 
SPC02: Channel Estimation
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 08:30 - 10:30 | Room: C)
 
Transmit Optimization with Improper Gaussian Signaling in Multiuser Interference Channels (Invited Talk)

• Rui Zhang (National University of Singapore, Singapore)

 
 
WCS02: Heterogeneous Networks
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 08:30 - 10:30 | Room: D)
 
 
An Interference Alignment Based Channel Independent Precoding for MIMO-OFDM Systems (Invited Talk)

• Xiang-Gen Xia (University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA and Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea)

 
 
 
WNA02: Wireless Networking
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 08:30 - 10:30 | Room: F)
 
The Thinnest Path Problem (Invited Talk)

• Qing Zhao (UC Davis, USA)

 
 
CIT02: Channel Coding
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: B)
 
A Single Frequency Full-Duplex Radio Relay Station for Frequency Domain Equalization Systems (Invited Paper)

• Kazunori Hayashi (Kyoto University, Japan)
• Megumi Kaneko (Kyoto University, Japan)

 
SPC03: Cooperation and Relaying
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: C)
 
Monotonic Optimization Method for General Utility Maximization in Random-access Networks (Invited Paper)

• Suzhi Bi (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
• Liping Qian (Zhejiang University of Technology, P.R. China)
• Ying Jun (Angela) Zhang (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)

 
WCS03: Resource Management and Optimization
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: D)

Exploiting the Underexploited: New Advances in Optimizing and Controlling Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Networks

• Yu Cheng (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA)

Uplink Interference Analysis for Two-tier Cellular Networks with Diverse Users under Random Spatial Patterns (Invited Paper)

• Wei Bao (University of Toronto, Canada)
• Ben Liang (University of Toronto, Canada)

 
WNA03: Cognitive Radio Networks
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 14:00 - 16:00 | Room: F)
 
Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks for Smart Grid Communications: A Disaster Management Approach (Invited Paper)

• Hossein Khayami (University of Tehran, Iran)
• Mohsen Ghassemi (University of Tehran, Iran)
• Kamyar Ardekani (University of Tehran, Iran)
• Behrouz Maham (University of Tehran, Iran)
• Walid Saad (University of Miami, USA)

 
 
CIT03: Communicaiton Theory
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: B)
 
Beyond Classical Economics: Exploring the Impact of Social-Psychological Factors on Preference for Speed over Price and Willingness to Pay for a Faster Wireless Service Plan (Invited Paper)

• Xiaojing Xu (The University of Tennessee, USA)
• Chien-fei Chen (Research , USA)
• Wei Gao (University of Tennessee, USA)
• Husheng Li (University of Tennessee, USA)

 
An Integrated Wireless System Using Visible Light (Invited Paper)

• Siu-Wai Ho (University of South Australia, Australia)
• William G. Cowley (University of South Australia, Australia)
• Khoa Nguyen (University of South Australia, Australia)
• Jialong Duan (University of South Australia, Australia)

 
SPC04: MIMO system
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: C)
 
Diversity Analysis for Generalized MIMO Two-Way X Relay Channel (Invited Paper)

• Zhengzheng Xiang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China)
• Meixia Tao (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China)

 
 
WCS04: Spatial Transmission and Processing
 
(Wednesday, 14 August | 16:20 - 18:20 | Room: D)
 
An Asymmetric TDD Distributed Massive Antenna System (Invited Paper)

• Koichi Adachi (Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Singapore)
• Sumei Sun (Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)

 

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Monday, 12 August ∣ Time: 8:30 – 10:30 ∣ Room: C
WS02: First IEEE Workshop on Interference Management of Wireless Networks in China – half day
 
8:30 – 10:30 Session 1
 
Performance Analysis of Hybrid MMSE/Max-log-MAP MIMO Detector (Invited Paper)

• Rizwan Ghaffar (University of Waterloo, Canada)
• Khurram Shehzad (National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan)
• Pin-Han Ho (University of Waterloo, Canada)

 
 
Monday, 12 August ∣ Time: 14:00 – 17:40 ∣ Room: B
 WS03: First International Workshop on Device-to-Device Communications and Networks – half day 
14:00 – 15:40 Session 1
 
Multicast Capacity of Ad hoc Networks with Transmission Uncertainty (Invited Paper)

• Guanglin Zhang (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
• Lin Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China)

 
16:00 - 17:20 Session 2
 
Social Network Enhanced Device-to-Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks (Invited Paper)

• Yanru Zhang (University of Houston, USA)
• Erte Pan (University of Houston, USA)
• Lingyang Song (Peking University, P.R. China)
• Walid Saad (University of Miami, USA)
• Zaher Dawy (American University of Beirut, Lebanon)
• Zhu Han (University of Houston, USA)

 
 
Monday, 12 August ∣ Time: 10:50 – 17:40 ∣ Room: C
 WS04: First IEEE Workshop on Internet of Things in China – half day
 
10:50 – 12:30 Session 1
 
Interference-Aware Routing for Hop-Count Minimization in Wireless D2D Networks (Invited Paper)

• Pinyi Ren (Xi'an Jiaotong University, P.R. China)
• Qinghe Du (Xi'an Jiaotong University, P.R. China)
• Li Sun (Xi'an Jiaotong University, P.R. China)